Control Flow

Control Flow

if / else

Conditional branching uses if (condition): with mandatory parentheses around the condition:

if_else.tg

let a = 40
let b = 2
if (a + b == 42):
    print("The answer!")
else:
    print("Not the answer")

Nested if/else

nested_if.tg

func classify(n: i32) -> String:
    if (n > 0):
        return "positive"
    else:
        if (n < 0):
            return "negative"
        else:
            return "zero"

Parentheses Required

Unlike Python, Thagore requires parentheses around if and while conditions:

• ✅ if (x > 0):
• ❌ if x > 0: — this will be rejected by the compiler

Chained Conditions

Use and and or for compound conditions:

compound.tg

func check(x: i32, y: i32) -> i32:
    if ((x > 0) and (y > 0)):
        return 1
    if ((x == 0) or (y == 0)):
        return 0
    return -1

Comparison Operators

Operator	Meaning
==	Equal to
!=	Not equal to
<	Less than
>	Greater than
<=	Less than or equal to
>=	Greater than or equal to
and	Logical AND
or	Logical OR

while Loop

while_loop.tg

func main() -> i32:
    let i = 0
    while (i < 5):
        print(i)
        i = i + 1
    return 0

Output:
0
1
2
3
4

Common Pattern: Counter Loop

counter.tg

func sum_to(n: i32) -> i32:
    let i = 0
    let total = 0
    while (i <= n):
        total = total + i
        i = i + 1
    return total

func main() -> i32:
    let result = sum_to(100)
    print(result)    # Output: 5050
    return 0

Common Pattern: Search Loop

search.tg

func find_index(arr: [i32; 4], target: i32) -> i32:
    let i = 0
    while (i < 4):
        if (arr[i] == target):
            return i
        i = i + 1
    return -1

for..in Range Loop

Iterate over a numeric range using for i in start..end: syntax:

for_range.tg

for i in 0..10:
    print(i)

This prints numbers 0 through 9 (the end is exclusive).

Range Validation

The compiler validates range loop headers strictly. The pattern must be exactly for <var> in <start>..<end>:.

match Expression

Pattern matching on enum variants:

match.tg

enum Color:
    Red
    Green
    Blue

func describe(c: Color) -> String:
    match c:
        Red:
            return "warm"
        Green:
            return "natural"
        Blue:
            return "cool"

match requires at least one enum declaration and is validated by the compiler’s feature-edge checks.

loop Keyword

An explicit infinite loop construct:

loop.tg

func find_answer() -> i32:
    let n = 0
    loop:
        n = n + 1
        if (n == 42):
            return n

Syntax Comparison

Thagore

thagore.tg

if (x > 0):
    print(x)

while (i < 10):
    i = i + 1

for j in 0..5:
    print(j)

Python

python.py

if x > 0:
    print(x)

while i < 10:
    i += 1

for j in range(5):
    print(j)

C

c_example.c

if (x > 0) { printf("%d", x); }

while (i < 10) { i++; }

for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
    printf("%d", j);
}

Arithmetic Operators

Operator	Meaning	Example
+	Addition	a + b
-	Subtraction	a - b
*	Multiplication	a * b
/	Division	a / b
%	Modulo	a % b (if supported)

No Increment/Decrement

Thagore does not have ++ or -- operators. Use i = i + 1 instead.